Okunoshima: Japan’s Island of Hundreds of Friendly Rabbits

Off the coast of Japan’s Hiroshima Prefecture lies Okunoshima, a small island that has earned global attention for a rather unusual reason — it is home to hundreds of free-roaming, friendly rabbits. Visitors arrive not just to enjoy the scenic sea views but to walk among the curious creatures that hop right up to greet people, often in search of food or affection. The island’s charm hides a darker history, making it a destination where nature, tourism, and memory intertwine.

Okunoshima, often nicknamed “Rabbit Island,” is less than five kilometers in circumference and can be explored on foot or by bicycle in just a couple of hours. The rabbits are believed to be descendants of animals once brought here decades ago, though the exact origins are still debated. Some say they were released by schoolchildren in the 1970s, while others link them to rabbits used for testing during the island’s wartime past. Regardless of how they arrived, the population has thrived in the absence of predators.

While today it feels like a peaceful wildlife sanctuary, Okunoshima was once a secret site for chemical weapon production during World War II. For years, it was left off maps, and workers were sworn to secrecy. An on-site museum now shares that history, standing in stark contrast to the island’s present-day image as a place of innocence and playfulness. This combination of history and nature draws visitors looking for more than just a photo opportunity.

Tourism here is carefully balanced with conservation. Visitors are encouraged to feed rabbits with safe, store-bought pellets rather than random scraps, ensuring the animals’ health. As the island has no natural fresh water sources, human care plays a big role in the rabbits’ survival. Local authorities and volunteers stress the importance of not abandoning pet rabbits here, as domesticated animals may struggle to adapt.

For travelers from Japan’s mainland, Okunoshima offers a unique experience — a serene coastal escape with an unusual cast of residents. But beyond the cuteness, it’s a reminder of how places can transform over time, carrying forward both lighthearted stories and heavy truths. The rabbits may be the stars, but the island’s deeper narrative makes it an equally thought-provoking destination.